Turbulence is among the most mysterious phenomena in nature, with extensive ramifications in biology, mathematics, and physics. Despite intense efforts, many aspects of turbulence remain poorly understood. For instance, we do not understand the microscopic mechanism driving the transfer of energy in turbulent cascades. Moreover, the theoretical description of classical turbulence breaks down at small scales due to the fundamental quantum nature of the Universe, and our first-principle understanding of quantum hydrodynamics is notoriously limited. My research aims to provide new critical insights on the physical laws governing quantum and classical turbulence. Using a novel experimental approach combining quantum gases with versatile atom-trapping architectures, I will investigate turbulence in fluids that can be probed on all relevant length and time scales. This unprecedented capability stands to reveal fundamental bridges between turbulence in the quantum and classical regimes.